The pathological processes that affect the vascular system are a serious danger of the body.This applies to any disease of this type, regardless of its scale and location.In particular, this applies to varicose veins, which in most cases affects the legs of the legs.
In the modern world, varicose veins is one of the topical problems, many people are subject to their development.Pathology is not just a cosmetic problem, damage to legs in the legs has serious consequences.Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms of the development of varicose veins, know their symptoms and also have ideas about treatment.
The mechanism for the development of varicose veins
Varicose veins or varicose veins are called disease in which the vessels mentioned are subject to pathological changes in the following nature:
- Expansion, that is, an increase in the light of the container.
- Stretching, or rather, lengthening of the vein.
- The thinning of the vascular wall, due to which the vein becomes more fragile and is more prone to physical damage.
- The exhaustion or gradual destruction of the valve apparatus, which plays a decisive role in the process of transporting blood to the heart.
- In the last stages of the disease due to the deformation of the veins, nodules or "vascular stars" that resemble aneurysms.
All the rapes described lead to two types of consequences, aesthetic and functional, where the second type is much more weight.If we talk about the aesthetic factor, we are talking about the fact that the subcutaneous vessels increase in size, swell and seem closer to the surface of the skin, so they become clearly visible even to the naked eye.As the disease progresses and greater deformation of the veins, they begin to resemble hugs, nodules appear, which further aggravates the aesthetic appearance.
But functional problems are more serious and dangerous, because we are talking about a violation of the main function of the vein: the transport of blood from the organs to the heart.Varicosis contributes to stagnant processes in the vessels, due to the exhaustion of the valves, the blood is not completely evacuated, stagnant.This leads to local toxic lesions, as well as a gradual increase in vessel pressure.Ultimately, in the posterior stages of the disease, the vessels cannot deal with excess pressure, tears appear in the thin walls, which leads to bleeding, the formation of hematomas and trophic ulcers.
Classification of varicose veins
The above has repeatedly declared that the degree of damage and the deformation of the veins depends on the stage of progression of the disease.Therefore, it is worth mentioning that it is customary to classify varicose veins according to the three stages of development:
- The first and easiest form of the disease is compensatory.It is characterized by a lower deformation, it is often impossible to determine without the appropriate diagnosis.The symptoms in this case are scarce or completely absent.
- The subcompensation or the middle stage: the veins appear on the surface of the skin, an increase, such as deformation, are insignificant.However, vascular vessels are already clearly visible, and in the afternoons of patients, a greater feeling of fatigue, burst, swelling torments, minor pains can be altered.It is characteristic that for the morning (after night dream or long -term rest) the symptoms disappear.
- The decompensation stage is the most severe: we are talking about a serious defeat of the veins, its pronounced deformation.The vessels are not only very visible, they resemble tubers and stand out on the surface of the skin, nodules, eczema, bruises appear.The symptoms described in pain, edema and other unpleasant sensations intensify.
It is important to understand that initially varicose veins do not pose a serious danger and, over time, the treatment begins avoids the progression of the disease.But if the treatment is not dedicated, there is a high risk of complications, among which thrombosis, inflammatory processes in the veins, the formation of trophic ulcers, constant pain syndrome.
Disease development factors
The knowledge of the causes and factors that predispose to the development of varicose veins not only help in the fight against the pathological process, but also prevent their development.These reasons and factors are as follows:
- Genetic predisposition: In this case, we are talking about an inherited predisposition to the weakness of venous valves, as well as the underdevelopment of connective tissues of the walls of the blood vessels.These abnormalities of development increase the development of varicose veins, since the valve apparatus is initially subject to functional disorders.
- The professional component: the risk group is also directed by people who, by virtue of their professional activity, are forced to spend a long time for a long time, especially those that cost a lot (hairdressers, vendors, chefs, surgeons, etc.).
- Overweight
- The accumulation of excess weight leads to an increase in the legs, in addition, in this case, the level of cholesterol in the blood increases, which also negatively affects the functioning of the vascular system.The greater the degree of obesity, the more likely the fact of the development of varicose veins is probable. - Contribute to the appearance of varicose expansion of the veins of the pathology of blood clotting.Due to the increase in blood platelets, blood becomes more viscous, there is a risk of blood clots.All this prevents normal blood circulation, causing varicose veins.
- Another factor in the development of the disease is serious hormonal disorders.Women are more affected by such problems, especially during pregnancy, menopause or hormonal drug taking.
The list shows only the main factors in the development of varicose veins, in fact, there are much more.For example, we add inconvenient shoes or walk with high heels, alcoholism, smoking, diabetes, mechanical damage to blood vessels, etc.
Clinical image
Very often, varicose veins in early development forms may not be shown at all, symptoms appear in 2-3 stages of disease progression.However, it is worth considering symptoms, starting from the first signs:
- The first symptom indicating the appearance of varicose veins is leg fatigue.Initially, this feeling is insignificant, it is felt mainly at night.But as the disease develops, fatigue cares more and more often, becomes more intense.
- The feeling of tightening and pain: it begins to bother from the second stage, initially also closer to the night, and in the morning they disappear completely.But as before, with the progression of varicose veins, they become more intense, ultimately worried.
- The outstanding veins and vascular mesh: this characteristic also becomes increasingly obvious as the pathological process develops.Initially, the veins are simply visible stronger than usual, in the posterior stages that stand out, the tubers appear, the form of "stars."
- Swelling: they can begin to bother immediately, in such cases their reasons seem incomprehensible, and swelling itself is so insignificant that they practically do not feel.Over time, the legs swell more and more, which causes a lot of discomfort and improves pain.
- Seizures: It is believed that if a person is systematically tormented by seizures that cover the muscles or the foot of the calf, it can also be signs of varicose veins.
- Hyperthermia: occurs in the late stages of the development of the disease and is expressed in a change in skin color, skin skin becomes cyanotic.
Diagnostic methods
To treat varicose veins, the most effective possible, a precise understanding of what stage of development is the disease and evaluates the degree of hemodynamics.To do this, you must go through a series of diagnostic measures:
- The initial exam, during which the doctor discovers the patient's complaints, collects an anamnesis and also performs a visual examination and palpation of problematic areas.
- Ultrasound scan to familiarize the dynamic characteristics of blood flow.
- The duplex scan of the veins is one of the most informative diagnostic methods that provides a detailed visual image of the speed of blood flow in different parts of the vascular channel.
- Phlebography using a contrast matter, which is introduced in the veins studied.
Treatment of varicose veins
The fight against the varicose veins of any gravity requires contacting a phlebologist, who will make a treatment regime based on the diagnostic data obtained.
Drug therapy
The main expected effect of taking medications is a decrease in pressure in the veins by eliminating stagnant processes, restoring normal blood circulation.In addition, within the framework of therapy, symptomatic treatment may be required.In general, the doctor can prescribe medications from such groups:
- Venotonics and Phlebotonics: Designed to improve the output of lymph and normalize blood circulation, perform the main treatment task.
- Drugs of the NSAine group: stop painful sensations and also have an anti -inflammatory effect.
- Anicoagulants to reduce blood viscosity and prevent thrombosis.
- In addition, people with varicose veins to use special compression linen are recommended.
Only one doctor is dedicated to determining the need to use any medication and your appointment.In addition, pharmacological therapy only does not allow the disease to progress, it is impossible to return to the deformed vessels in the previous state with conservative treatment methods.
Traditional medicine
Popular remedies cannot have an equally serious therapeutic effect as traditional medicine methods.However, "grandmother's recipes" is an excellent help for drug treatment, so we will consider some of the most effective recipes:
- Tomato compresses, just cut the tomato with slices and attached to the problem areas for 15-20 minutes.Tomatoes contain a carotenoid pigment that promotes strengthening and toning veins.
- You can make a potato compress, for this, place the legs with the cleaning of the potato and tie it for 2 hours.The same method works with the use of cabbage and kalacho leaves, but cuts must be made in these plants.
- It is also recommended to rub the feet with apple vinegar daily before bedtime, the course of treatment is 30 days.
Surgical treatment
Surgery in the fight against varicose veins is the most effective method that radically solves the problem, and not just restrict the disease.Surgical treatment methods include:
- Sclerotherapy: the introduction of a special substance in the venous light that hits the glass, as a result of which disappears independently, replaced by the connective tissue.
- Laser exposure is applicable to blood vessels located near the surface of the skin.Laser irradiation creates the effect of sclerosis in Vienna, as a result of which the glass disappears.
- Flebectomy: The bandage of the site deformed the vein with the subsequent elimination of its trunk.